追氮量对不同品质类型小麦产量和品质的调节效应

Grain yield and quality responding to the nitrogen fertilizer operation in different quality type wheat

以不同品质类型的4个小麦品种为试验材料,采用二因素随机区组设计,研究了品种和氮肥运筹对产量和品质的影响。结果表明,在底肥相同的条件下,在一定范围内增加追施氮肥,产量显著提高。增施氮肥可显著提高各品种子粒蛋白质含量。除吸水率外,不同品种各项品质指标均随施氮量增加而提高,处理间差异显著。B2和B3(增加追施氮肥)的拉伸度、拉伸面积、面包体积和面包评分均显著优于B1(未追施氮肥)。子粒蛋白质含量与其它14项品质指标呈正相关。吸水率、沉降值、形成时间、稳定时间、拉伸阻力、拉伸比值、最大拉伸阻力、最大拉伸比值、拉伸面积、面包体积、面包评分等11项指标间存在显著或极显著的正相关关系。试验结果表明,强筋小麦品种并非各项品质性状均优于中筋小麦品种。

The experiment was carried out in the Research Base of the Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.We selected 4 wheat varieties and adapted two factor randomized block design to study the effects of the variety and nitrogen application on grain yield and quality.The result indicated that,under the same base fertilization,increases topdressing nitrogen to certain extent could significantly increase grain yield.Increasing application of nitrogen fertilizer also increased the grain protein content significantly.All quality index increased with the increasing of topdressing nitrogen except the water-absorptivity.The stretch area,the bread volume and bread score under B2 and B3（increase topdressing nitrogen）was significant higher that that in B1（no topdressing nitrogen）.Grain protein content and other 14 quality index was positive correlation.A significant correlation was found between the water-absorptivity,sedimentation value,development time,stable time,stretch resistance,stretch ratio,the maxinum stretch resistance,the maximum stretch ratio,the stretch area,bread volume,bread score.Our results also indicated that not all the quality index in the strong gluten wheat variety was highly that in the middle gluten wheat variety.