硒、钴单施和配施对苜蓿生长及产量的效应研究

Effects of single and combined fertilization of selenium and cobalt on growth and yield of alfalfa

为探讨硒、钴在提高苜蓿生长影响,在河南省沿黄滩区,开展了硒、钴单施和配施下对紫花苜蓿生长以及产量和品质影响研究。结果表明,硒、钴单施和配合基施均能够显著提高苜蓿从现蕾到开花期的净光合能力,降低呼吸消耗,提高单位叶面积干物质的生产速率,有利于苜蓿花前青干草生产和果实发育;其中,以硒570 g/hm2、钴762g/hm2配施下效果显著,青干草增产8.06%,种子千粒重可提高12.85%。单施钴和硒钴配施还能促进0—20 cm耕层苜蓿根瘤菌的生长和积累,增强苜蓿的固氮能力。说明硒钴合理基施对苜蓿青干草和优质种子生产具有很好的应用效果。

A experiment was conducted to study the effects of selenium（Se）and cobalt（Co）on the growth,yield and quality of alfalfa（Medicago sativa L.）in the yellow river beach of Henan.The results show that the rational single and combined applications of Se and Co could promote net photosythetic efficiency,decrease plant respiration loss,enhance production rate of dry matter from ramification to florescence,and raise alfalfa hay production from the ramification to the florescence stages of alfalfa.The application rates of Se being 570 g/ha and Co 765 g/ha combined application have the best effects on the forage production and grain development,and alfalfa hay is increased by 8.06 % and 1000-grain weight is increased by 12.85 %.The Co or Se and Co combined application could also promote growth of root nodule and accumulation of root nodule volumes of alfalfa in a depth of 0-20 cm which could enhance nitrogen fixation.In conclusion,rational basal applications of Se and Co have better effects on fine hay and seed production because they could enhance net photosynthetic capacity,promote growth of alfalfa,raise yields of alfalfa and improve seed quality.