人参总皂甙增加白血病细胞对化疗药物的敏感性

Potentiated Effects of Total Saponins of Panax Ginseng on Inhibition of Leukemic Cells by Cytotoxic Drugs

目的：探讨人参总皂甙（ＴＳＰＧ）对急性髓细胞白血病（ＡＭＬ）化疗药物敏感性的作用。方法：采用白血病祖细胞集落形成（ＣＦＵＡＭＬ）药敏试验法。选用４种化疗药物：高三尖杉酯碱（ＨＨｒ）、阿糖胞苷（Ａｒａ）、阿霉素（Ａｄｒ）和足叶乙甙（Ｖｐ１６）。结果：ＴＳＰＧ刺激ＣＦＵＡＭＬ在体外增殖，集落数提高３７９８％，使化疗药物对ＣＦＵＡＭＬ的抑制率从原先的３０４％～４７４％分别提高到５１２％～６２０％，增强了化疗药物对白血病祖细胞的杀伤作用，是无ＳＴＰＧ的１８４～２２３倍。本研究７２项药敏试验（４种化疗药物×１８例）中有１７项经ＴＳＰＧ的作用后由原先的不敏感转为敏感。结论：ＴＳＰＧ可使常规的化疗药物对白血病细胞的抑制作用增强。

Objective: To investigate the potentiated effects of total saponins of Panax Ginseng (TSPG) on inhibition of leukemic progenitor cells by cytotoxic drugs in acute myelocytic leukemia. Methods: Using bone marrow culture of colony forming unite acute myeloid leukemia (CFU AML) method, the sensitivity of leukemic cells obtained from 18 patients to homoharringtonin (HHr), cytarabine (Ara), adriamycin (Adr) and etoposide (VP 16) were detected separately. Results: TSPG alone (20μg/ml) could stimulate proliferation of CFU AML obviously, and increase the colony numbers by 37.98% over the non TSPG control (P<0 01). In the presence of TSPG, the inhibition rates of CFU AML of HHr, Ara, Adr and VP 16 were 51 2%～62 0% respectively, which were significantly higher than 30.4%～47.4% of non TSPG control (all P<0 01). In the combination of TSPG with cytotoxic drugs, the leukemic progenitor cells became more sensitive to cytotoxic drugs, CFU AML colony numbers at 1.84～2 23 fold as more as those of non TSPG control were inhibited by HHr, Ara, Adr and VP 16. Sensitivity test of 17 among 72 drugs reversed from resistant (suppression rate less than 30%) to sensitive (suppression rate more than 30%) by TSPG. Conclusions: TSPG could drive non cycling leukemic progenitors to enter cell cycle, and thereby enhance their susceptibility to cytotoxic drugs.