基于微遗传算法的稀疏天线阵列优化方法

An Optimization Method of Sparse Antenna Array based on Micro-Genetic Algorithm

为生成无栅瓣、高空间分辨率的方向图,均匀平面阵列使用的天线单元数量很多,实现难度和成本高。稀疏布阵只需要相对较少的单元数目,会出现旁瓣电平升高、测向模糊等问题。通过对天线阵列特性进行分析,以全向一致、无栅瓣、低旁瓣的高分辨方向图为目标,利用微遗传算法对多重圆环阵列单元的位置参数进行优化,性能分析表明综合出的多重圆环阵列具有方位角对称、旁瓣电平低、起伏小的特点,且该算法优化效率高、收敛速度快。

In order to generate pattern with no grating lobe and high spatial resolution, a large number of elements are needed for a uniform planar antenna array. The difficulty and cost of implementation are great. Whereas a sparse array requires fewer elements, the problems, such as rising of side lobe and ambiguity of direction finding, may appear. In this paper, through analyzing the characteristics of antenna array, a method of geometry shape of sparse antenna array is presented to achieve a high-resolution pattern with omnidirectional consistency, no grating lobe and low side lobe. And it optimizes position parameters utilizing micro-genetic algorithm. Performance analysis shows that the multi-loop array meets design requirements, and the synthesis algorithm is characterized by high efficiency and fast convergence rate.