比较两种检测麻风菌鼻携带的方法

Comparison of two methods for detection of M.leprae nasal carriage

目的选用简便、快速、经济的麻风菌鼻携带检测法，评价麻风病传播及防治效果。方法采用ＰＣＲ和Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ／ＥＣＬ平行检测鼻分泌物中麻风菌及其酚糖脂（ＰＧＬ－１）抗原。以５种分枝杆菌为对照，评价两试验的特异性；以４５例不同治疗状态的麻风患者和１４３名接触者的检测，比较两试验的敏感性。结果ＰＣＲ的阳性检出率略高于Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ／ＥＣＬ，经配对χ２检验，差异没有显著性。结论Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ／ＥＣＬ较ＰＣＲ简便、快速、经济，是一项适用于现场研究的麻风流行病学工具。此外。

Objective To select a more simple, rapid and cost effective laboratory method for detecting M.leprae nasal carriage in order to evaluate transmission of leprosy and efficiency of leprosy control. Methods PCR and Dot ELISA/ECL were applied to detect parallel M.leprae and PGL 1 antigen. Five Mycobacteria were used as control to evaluate the specificity of the two tests. Forty five leprosy patients with different status of treatment and 143 leprosy contacts were used to compare the sensitivity of the two tests. Results The two tests were of ideal specificity and no significant statistic difference was found although the positivity of PCR was higher than Dot ELISA/ECL. Conclusion Dot ELISA/ECL is a more simple, rapid and cost effective tool for epidemiological study of leprosy. In addition, GVHP membrane is a suitable supporter to detect mucosa secretive antigens.