地震灾区大学生生命价值观与自杀态度的调查分析

An investigation of life value and suicide attitude of college students in the earthquake-stricken area

目的 了解震后灾区大学生对待生命的态度.方法 采用生命价值观问卷（LVS）、自杀态度问卷（QSA）对灾区166名大学生进行调查.结果 ①生命价值观各维度上,男生生存价值和精神价值[分别为（1.85±0.57）分,（1.73±0.55）分]高于女生[分别为（1.66±0.43）分,（1.54±0.40）分],男生[（2.59±0.46）分]工具价值低于女生[（2.76±0.51）分],差异具有显著性（P〈0.05）.超越价值在年级上存在显著差异（F=3.710,P〈0.05）.自杀态度各维度上,男生[（3.01±0.51）分]在自杀行为性质的认识上得分低于女生[（3.28±0.51）分],差异具有显著性（t=3.110,P〈0.05）,对自杀者家属的态度在性别[男女分别为（2.67±0.37）分,（2.50±0.37）分]、地区[城乡分别为（2.48±0.36）分,（2.61±0.38）分]上存在显著差异（P〈0.05）,对安乐死的态度在性别[男女分别为（2.61±0.71）分,（2.86±0.73）分]、年级（F=3.357,P〈0.05）、专业[文理科分别为（2.94±0.65）分,（2.64±0.76）分]上存在显著差异（P〈0.05）.②回归分析发现社会价值取向对对自杀行为性质的认识有显著回归效应,个人价值和工具价值取向对对自杀者家属的态度有显著回归效应,生命价值观总分对对自杀行为性质的认识和对自杀者家属的态度有显著回归效应.结论 生命价值观可以预测灾区大学生的自杀态度,心理工作者要加强灾区大学生的生命教育,提高其生命质量.

Objective To understand the life attitude of college students in earthquake-stricken area. Methods 166 college students were conducted by life value scale （LVS） and suicide attitude questionnaire （QSA）. Results ①On the LVS, males（ （1.85 ±0.57） , （1.73±0.55） ） got significantly higher scores than females （（1.66±0.43）,（1.54±0.40）） on survival values-oriented and spiritual values-oriented, and lower scores on tool values-oriented （（2.59±0.46 vs （2.76±0.51） ） , there was significant difference on overcome values-oriented between different grades（F = 3.710, P = 0.013）. On the QSA, males （3.01 ±0.51） got significantly lower scores than females （3.28 ±0.51） on the cognition of suicidal behavior difference （t=3.110, P=0.002）. There were significant differences on attitude to relationship of suicides between different gender and areas （P〈0.05） , and attitude to euthanasia between different gender, grades and subjects （P〈0.05）. ②Social valuesoriented can predict cognition of suicidal behavior, personal and tool values-oriented can predict attitude to relationship of suicides, the total of life value can predict cognition of suicidal behavior and attitude to relationship of suicides. Conclusion The life value can predict the suicide attitude of college students in earthquake-stricken area, thus the life education should be enhanced to improve their quality of life.