某县农村集中式供水卫生监督管理现状及对策分析

Health inspection and supervision of central water-supply in rural areas

目的:找出农村集中式供水卫生监督过程中存在的问题,为有效的农村饮用水卫生监督管理提供参考依据。方法:采用问卷调查、现场观察法对某县所有农村集中式供水单位及其从业人员和卫生监督所卫生监督人员进行专项调查。结果:共调查19家集中式供水单位,均持有卫生许可证;14家设定了水源防护区;2家生产设备、设施基本满足相应的生产规模要求,工艺流程合理;18家未能按规范要求进行水质自检和向卫生监督部门报告;6家未进行涉及生活饮用水卫生安全的产品索证;2008年均接受1次经常性卫生监督;管供水人员初中及以下文化程度占66.3%;管供水人员和卫生监督员生活饮用水相关法律法规知识得分分别为56.09分和88.13分。饮用水卫生监督人员和监管单位的比例为1∶10.5。结论:农村地区集中式供水单位存在诸多问题,而对其却缺乏有力的卫生监督,需合理地配置卫生人力资源和采取适宜的监督管理体系。

Objective To find out the problems existing in the process of health inspection and supervision to the rural central water suppliers,and to provide suitable reference about supervising the drinking--water in the rural area. Methods Questionnaire survey and on--site investigation were conducted in the rural central water suppliers ,the health staff and the hygiene supervisors. Results All the 19 water suppliers had valid sanitation license and got inspected once a year. 14 suppliers set up water conservation district. 6 suppliers had never taken certifications,only 2 suppliers had full set,no more than 1 suppliers delivered regular reports on schedule. 59 employees in water suppliers just had educational background of junior middle school and lower. The average score that the employees in the water suppliers got on legal knowledge of drinking water was 56.09. Meanwhile the score was 88. 13 as for the hygiene supervisors. And each supervisor took charge of 10. 5 water suppliers. Conclusion The rural water suppliers had serious problems and the supervision couldn＇t be put into effect. Health human resource should be rationally distributed and reasonable supervision and management system be implemented.