核工业职业人群死因调查的性别比较研究

A sexual comparative study on the death cause of the nuclear industry workers

通过对核工业职工死因的性别分布、标化处理及相对危险分析表明，男女粗死亡率分别为２２４７７×１０－５、８８４２×１０－５；标化死亡比率分别为２５７３１×１０－５、１３５１３×１０－５，ＲＲ１９０（Ｐ＜００１）。男女比较，肿瘤死亡ＲＲ２３７（Ｐ＜００１）。男性肺癌、脑瘤的ＳＭＲ分别为１４４（Ｐ＜００１）、１６７（Ｐ＜００５），表现为有意义增加，并集中于铀矿井下作业人员。损伤与中毒男＞女（Ｐ＜００１）。由于矽肺死亡（放射组均男性）和工伤死亡（男＞女，Ｐ＜００１。

By the analysis of nuclear industry workers' death causation in sexual distribution, standardized management and relative risk, it indicated that crude mortality for male and female was 224.77×10 -5 and 88.42×10 -5 respectively; standardized mortality rate was 257.31×10 -5 and 135.13×10 -5 respectively, RR 1.90 ( P <0.01). Tumor mortality rate of male was greater than that of female (RR 2.37, P <0.01). Lung cancer and brain tumor in male, with SMR 1.44 ( P <0.01) and 1.67 ( P <0.05) respectively, showed a significant increase and particular frequence in uranium miners. For injury and poisoning, it showed male>female ( P <0.01).Since death due to silicosis (radiation group, male) and due to job injury (radiation group mainly, male>female, P <0.01), it seemed that the death risk in radiation group was larger than that of control group and in male group was larger than that in female group.