持绿型小麦叶片衰老和叶绿素荧光特征的研究

Study on senescence and chlorophyll fluorescence traits of stay-green leaf in wheat

选用4个小麦品种对其开花后绿叶面积、色素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量及旗叶叶绿素荧光参数进行了测定分析。结果表明:持绿型小麦的绿叶面积显著高于非持绿型小麦,且生育后期下降缓慢;生育后期持绿型小麦叶片色素含量降低缓慢;随着生育进程推进,小麦叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量都呈上升趋势,与非持绿型小麦比较,持绿型小麦MDA上升缓慢且维持较低水平;生育后期持绿型小麦叶片的Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP、PSⅡ、ETR明显高于非持绿型小麦,而qN明显低于非持绿型小麦;持绿型小麦产量较高,收获指数大。总之,持绿型小麦生育后期叶片衰老缓慢,光合功能维持时间长,光合产物积累多,具有较好的增产优势。

In order to investigate thoroughly the senescence and chlorophyll fluorescence traits of stay-green leaf in wheat,and to provide some theoretical base to screen for high yield wheat varieties in Northwest China,the green leaf area,pigment content,MDA content and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters after anthesis were measured in 4 winter wheat varieties.The result showed that：（1） The green leaf area of stay-green wheat was obviously higher than non stay-green wheat,it decreased slowly at the late grain filling stage.（2） The pigment content of leaf in stay-green wheat decreased more slowly at the late grain filling stage.（3） The MDA content of leaves in wheat showed an increasing trend,but the MDA content of stay-green wheat increased more slowly and kept a lower level than non stay-green wheat.（4） During the late grain filling,the Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,qP,PSⅡ and ETR of stay-green wheat were obviously higher than the non stay-green wheat,but the qN of stay-green wheat was obviously lower than the non stay-green wheat.（5） The grain yield of stay-green wheat was high.All these suggested that the slower leaf senescence and longer photosynthesis period at the late grain filling stage of stay-green wheat led to a higher yield.So the stay-green wheat has better production superiority.