旱地春玉米倒秆免耕两元带状覆盖膜侧种植技术与应用前景

Techniques of planting spring maize with fallen stalk in both sides of strip film mulching in no-tillage dryland and their application prospects

为了将有限的自然降水最大限度地蓄积、保存于土壤之中,并尽可能地提高其利用效率,连续多年采用田间试验与大面积示范相结合的方法,集成创新研究的"旱地春玉米倒秆免耕两元带状覆盖膜侧种植技术",融"冬闲期倒秆覆盖免耕"与"生育期两元带状覆盖膜侧种植"两项技术的优点于一体,能综合调节旱作农田的水、肥、气、热条件,最大限度地利用自然降水,因而旱地春玉米生长稳健茁壮,增产增收效果显著,水分利用率也达最高。同时,该技术并具有增加土壤有机质,提高土壤潜在肥力和控制水土流失,减轻沙尘飞扬,改善生态环境,促进农业可持续发展的效果。

In order to maximize the accumulation and preserve of limited natural rainfall in the soil and to increase its efficiency of usage at all possible ways,field experiments and large-scale demonstrations were combined and techniques of planting spring maize with fallen stalk in both sides of strip film mulching in no-tillage dryland,which coupled two techniques of no-tilling with fallen stalk mulched in winter fallow period and planting in both sides of strip-mulching film in growth period,were used to regulate water,fertilizer,air and heat in dryland and to fully utilize natural rainfall.Therefore,the spring maize grew healthily and its yield increased significantly and water utilization rate reached the maximum.Meanwhile,these techniques had effects of increasing organic matter in soil and decreasing sand and dust and improving ecological environment and promoting sustainable agricultural development,thus,they had wide application prospects.