沟垄二元覆盖对旱地土壤水分及作物水分利用效率的影响

Effects of dual-mulching with plastic film and other mulching materials on soil water and WUE in semiarid region

于2007年9月~2009年6月在渭北旱塬进行了冬小麦沟垄二元覆盖栽培模式的田间试验,研究了沟垄二元覆盖对旱地土壤水分及作物水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆能显著提高产量,较对照（沟垄均不覆盖）产量最高增幅达39.62%（P〈0.05）,垄覆地膜沟覆液膜处理两年平均产量较对照高32.16%,垄覆地膜沟不覆较对照高29.99%。垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆对小麦全生育时期0~40 cm土层的保墒作用明显,能有效提高土壤含水量,抽穗期0~40 cm土层含水量较对照高15.81%,沟覆液膜在小麦生育前期有良好的保水效果,返青期0~40 cm土层含水量较对照高11.01%。沟覆秸秆和沟覆液膜的水分利用效率较对照分别高31.11%（P〈0.05）和26.20%（P〈0.05）。

The winter wheat dual-mulching experiments were carried out with plastic film mulching on ridges and other different mulching materials in furrows in Weibei dryland from September 2007 to June 2009.The results showed that： The treatment of plastic film and straw dual-mulching can increase wheat yield significantly,the highest rate of increase is 39.62%（P0.05） compared with the CK（no covering on ridges or in furrows）,and the two-year average yield of wheat in the treatment of dual-mulching with plastic film and black liquid film increased by 32.16%,and the treatment of only plastic film mulching on ridges increased by 29.99%.The treatment of dual-mulching with plastic film and straw has obvious effect of preserving soil moisture within 0～40 cm soil depth,which can effectively improve soil moisture content.The soil moisture content of 0～40 cm soil depth increased by 15.81% in heading stage.The treatment of dual-mulching with plastic film and black liquid film has a good water-retention effect in the early growth period of wheat,which increased the water content by 11.01% within 0～40 cm soil depth at jointing stage of winter wheat.The water use efficiency in the treatments of dual-mulching with plastic film and straw,and dual-mulching with plastic film and black liquid film were increased by 31.11%（P0.05） and 26.20%（P0.05） respectively compared with the CK.