“作者之死”与作家重建

"The Death of the Author"and the Resurrection of the Writer

巴特的《作者之死》和福柯的《作者是什么》是现代作者理论的两篇最著名的论文,引发了西方学界对作者之死与作者建构的争论。澄清作者与作家概念的混淆,把文本阐释中的作者和从事文学创作的作家进行分界有重大理论意义。作家在文学理论史中有不同的形象。作家重建可以从三个方面展开:作家理论、作家批评与作家生态,它们各有不同的研究资源、内容和能够解决的问题。从作家重建可以得到的启示是,就当代文学理论而言,回应巴特提出的"谁在说话重要吗"的质问仍然重要。

＂The Death of the Author ＂and ＂What Is an Author？＂are two most influential essays in modern author theory,leading to fierce debate concerning the death and the resurrection of the author,among the debate there appears the ambiguity and even confusion of the author concept.It is of great theoretical significance to prove the co-existence of the two ＂author（s）＂and clarify the difference of the author in text interpretation and the writer in realistic life.There have been various images of the writer in the history of critical theory,and the writer has been attacked and defended in different ways.The resurrection of the writer can be based on three aspects ：the theory of the writer,the criticism of the writer,and the ecology of the writer,each with relevant resources,methodology and resolution.It matters to respond to ＂What matter who＇s speaking＂,aquotation by Foucault at the end of his essay,as for the resurrection of the writer in contemporary critical theory.