近红外光谱技术用于无创生化检验研究的进展

Progress in Noninvasive Biochemical Examination by Near Infrared Spectroscopy

20世纪90年代初,近红外光谱技术在人体无创生化检验方面的潜力逐渐获得重视。然而,人体是一个极其复杂多变的检测对象,因此虽然各研究小组在实验模拟和离体分析方面取得了一定成果,但在临床应用上始终没有实质性突破。文章讨论了目前阻碍近红外光谱技术实现临床意义上的人体无创生化检验的关键问题,即信号微弱、组织背景干扰、血流容积变化问题。将国际上现有的近红外无创生化检验研究工作的思路按照分析方法大致归为两类,即经典近红外分析法和扣除组织背景干扰分析法。详细介绍了这两类研究思路各自的研究现状,并认为在现有条件下第二类思路更有希望取得临床可以应用的结果。

In the early nineties of last century,great importance had been gradually attached to the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy （NIRS） in the human body noninvasive biochemical examination.However,the human body is extremely complex.Although research teams have made some achievements in experimental simulations and in-vitro analysis,there is still no substantive breakthrough in clinical application now.The present paper discusses the key problems which prevent NIRS from achieving human noninvasive clinical biochemical examination,such as weak signal,the interference of human tissue background and the problem of blood volume change.The thoughts of noninvasive biomedical examination using NIRS are divided into two categories in terms of analytical method,that is classical near-infrared analysis and issue background interference elimination analysis.This paper also introduces in detail the current status of the two categories in the world,and believes that the second category is more promising to be successful in clinical application under the existing conditions.