生物氧化处理黄浦江原水的研究

RESEARCH ON PURIFICATION OF HUANG PU RIVER WATER WITH BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION

用以下几种水处理工艺:生物滤池(B)、臭氧氧化(O)常规的混凝、沉澱和快滤(T),生物活性炭(C),加氯(Cl),组合成以下4种不同工艺进行试验,即OT或OTCl,BT或BTCl,BTC或BTCCl及BTOC或BTOCCl。结果表明,OT及BT或OTCl及BTCl工艺,氯化后产生大量氯化有机物,致突变试验回变菌落数大大上升,显示致突变阳性,不宜采用。BTC或BTCCl和BTOC或BTOCCl工艺,处理后亚硝酸氮浓度(在加氯前)低至2×10^(-3)ppm,TOC、COD_(cr)去除率可达60％左右,紫外消光值降低56％～65％,加氮前处理水样毛细柱色谱蜂图总面积降低80％左右,而且致突变试验中两者降低回变率的百分数大为提高。BTC、BTOC及BTOCCl处理水基本上都为致突变阴性。而BTCCl处理水有时 Ames 试验为阴性,有时为阳性,宜于采用。

Four water purification processes were compared in this investigation.Let “B” denotes the bio- filter process;“O”,ozonation process;“T” traditional water purification process;“C”,biological ac- tivated carbon filtration;and“Cl”,chlorination,then four purification processes were combined dif- ferently,I.e.1.OT or OTCl,2.BT or BTCl,3.BTC or BTCCl and 4.BTOC or BTOCCl. The conclusions as follows Two conbined processes OT and BT or OTCl and BTCl improved the water qualities in some extent,after chlorination BT especially OT produced large amounts of organic chlorinated com- pounds,and the Ames test of the treated water extraordinarily exceed that of the raw water.By using BTC and BTOC processes or BTCCl and BTOCCl processes,concentrations of NO_2^--N,before chlorination was lowered to 2x10^(-3) ppm,removal rates of TOC approached to 60%,COD_(cr) 52-66%, UV extinctions 56-65%,the decrement of the total areas of the peaks of gas chromatograms before chlorination up to 80%,and the revert rate of the Ames test decreased significantly.Treating by BTC,BTOC and BTOCCl processes exhibited negative mutagenic activity basically,whereas,by BTCCl may be negative or positive.