油气输导体系研究综述

Overview on hydrocarbon migration pathway

油气输导体系被喻为连接烃源岩和圈闭的桥梁与纽带,控制着油气成藏。在介绍输导体系的概念、特征、分类、要素、影响输导的因素等基础上,认为影响输导体系输导的因素主要包括输导要素的地质特征("征")和油气输导能量("能"),提出了"征能控输"的观点。简述了输导体系的控藏作用,指出输导体系控制输导路径、成藏时间、地点、类型及规模。总结了输导体系的研究思路、方法和存在问题,指出输导体系今后研究内容的重点是输导油气的条件、与圈闭的配置、输导效率、控藏作用等,研究方法和思路应向先宏观后微观、先地质特征后输导能量、先定性后定量、由深层到浅层,立体的、动态的、多因素分析的源—输—藏一体化方向发展,研究手段应向多学科综合,地质与物理模拟、计算机模拟结合方向发展。

Hydrocarbon migration pathway isfigured as 'the bridge and tie' that connect source rocks and traps.It also controls the occurrence of hydrocarbon reservoir.Based on the introduction of concept,characteristics,classification,and influential factors of migration,it is thought herein that the main factors controlling the migration are geological characteristics emphasizing the pathway elements('characteristics') and energy of hydrocarbon migration('energy'),and then it is proposed the opinion of 'characteristics and energy controlling hydrocarbon migration'.This paper also discusses briefly how migration pathway controls the occurrence of reservoir,and points out that migration pathway controls migration path,reservoir-forming time,place,types,and scale.This paper summarizes the study idea,methods and existing problems,and prospects on the research direction.And,it is also pointed out that the research contents of migration pathway should focus on the boundary conditions,matching with traps,migration efficiency,control on reservoir occurrence of pathway system,etc.in the future.The study ideas and methods should be first macroscopic and then microscopic,first geologic characteristic and then migration energy,first qualitative and then quantitative,first deep and then shallow,so as to develop an integrated 'source-pathway-reservoir' study method that is stereoscopic,dynamic and multifactor analyzed.Study approaches should develop towards the direction of multidisciplinary integration,integration of geology and physical simulation,and computer simulation.