空气湿度对高温下番茄生殖生长的影响

Effects of Air Humidity on the Flowering and Fruit-setting of Tomato under High Temperature

利用人工气候室,研究了空气湿度对高温下番茄开花坐果的影响。试验设置2个空气相对湿度处理,即高湿处理(70%±5%)和低湿处理(不加湿,作为对照)。结果表明,在10:00～16:00平均温度为36.5℃的高温条件下,低湿处理(空气相对湿度为55%)造成植株营养不良和花蕾灼伤,使落蕾率增加,开花较少,坐果率较低;而70%的高湿处理,改善了植株的营养条件,减少了花蕾灼伤,使开花率提高了27%～34%,坐果率提高了26%～30%。表明在36.5℃的高温条件下,增加空气相对湿度达70%,有利于番茄开花坐果。

The effects of air relative humidity （RH） on the flowering and fruit-setting of tomato under high temperature were investigated in growth chambers.Two relative humidity treatments of 70% ± 5% （high RH） and non-humidification （low RH,as control） were set from 10：00 to 16：00 at the average temperature of 36.5 ℃.The results showed that relative humidity up to 70%,rate of flower blooming and fruit set were improved by 27%～34% and 26%～30%,respectively,which resulted from enhanced carbohydrate supply and decreased burned-flower buds.As a conclusion,relative humidity of 70% （high RH） was fit for flowering and fruit-set of tomato under high temperature of 36.5 ℃.