延安日光温室内温度预测方法与指标的确立

Yan'an Greenhouse the Temperature Forecasting Methods and Indicators to Establish

利用2007/2008和2008/2009冬季安塞农业科技示范园日光温室棚内外温度,及安塞、延安气象资料,分析棚内温度与外界温度、云量、日照时数、辐射等数据的拟合关系。结果表明:棚内最高温度受气候背景影响,在晴好天气环境下,棚内温度极易升高,并保持在高水平下;而在阴晴相间天气环境下,棚内温度较低。棚内日最高温度与日总辐射、日照时数均呈非线性函数关系,在阴晴相间天气背景下,当日辐射值小于5.50MJ/m2,或日照时数小于4h时,或日总云量>8成,棚内温度多小于20℃,影响蔬菜正常生长。棚内最高温度与外界辐射的拟合方程,阴晴相间天气背景下y=9.5259+2.2265x-0.065184x2;晴天天气背景下y=8.7456lnx+10.76。棚内最低温度与环境温度关系十分密切,不同天气条件下拟合方程不同。晴天和阴后初晴用线性关系式最好,晴天拟合方程为y=0.3736x+14.176;阴后初晴拟合方程y=0.61x+12.764,当环境温度下降到-20℃以下时,棚内温度有可能降至0℃以下,出现低温冻害。连阴天时可用外界温度拟合棚内同时次温度,以指数函数关系拟合最好,拟合方程y=10.804e0.04x。

The fitting relation among the temperature,external temperature,cloudiness,sunshine hours and radiation have been analyzed,utilizing the temperature and external temperature of agricultural science and technology park greenhouse in Ansai in winter from 2007 to 2008 and 2008 to 2009,and the meteorological data in Ansai and Yan ＇ an.The results indicate that the maximum temperature was affected by climate background,the temperature increases very easily in fine weather,and maintained at a high level;but it is lower in overcast and fine weather environment.The maximum temperature with the daily global radiation and the sunshine hours showed non-lineal functional relationship,in overcast and fine weather background,the radiation value less than 5.50 MJ/m 2,or the sunshine hours less than 4 h,or the daily total cloud cover more than 80%,the temperature is below 20℃,then influences the vegetable＇s normal growth.The fitting equation of the maximum temperature and external radiation is y =9.5259 ＋ 2.2265 x-0.065184 x 2 in overcast and fine weather background,and it is y =8.7456 ln x ＋ 10.76 when sky is clear.The relation between the minimum temperature and the ambient temperature is very close,the fitting equation is different in different weather conditions.It ＇ s the best to use linear formula between sunny day and the first shining day after overcast,the fitting equation is y =0.3736 x ＋ 14.176 in fine day,and it is y =0.61 x ＋ 12.764 in the first shining day after overcast.It is possible to decrease the temperature below 0℃ when the ambient temperature dropped to below-20℃,and occurred frozen injury.It can be used external temperature fitting the temperature at the same time in continuous cloudy-weather,and the exponential function relations fitting is the best,the fitting equation is y =10.804 e 0.04 x.