联合国维和行动的发展及其面临的主要挑战

The Challenges for the Development of UN Peace-keeping Action

第二代维和行动维和行动数量剧增,规模变大;维和行动战略从"维持"和平向"建设"和平发展;维和行动由主要处理国与国之间的冲突转为主要处理国内各派别的冲突;维和行动职能由单一转向多元;维和行动部署方式由过去的"线性"变为"非线性";维和行动的主体增加,维和行动组成日趋混杂。联合国维和行动面临着"强力"维和挑战传统原则;维和行动资源严重短缺;维和人员所承担的安全风险越来越大;维和行动的有效性难有质的提高;单边主义妨碍联合国发挥作用。

This paper offers an overview of the UN peacekeeping operations（PKOs）. The second-generation PKOs develops into large quantity and size; the strategy of PKOs developed from keeping the peace to building the peace; PKOs transformed from dealing with the intra-state conflict to inter-state conflict; the responsibility of PKOs goes from being single-functioned to being multi-functioned; the deployment of PKOs from linear to non linear form; the spectrum of participants of PKOs increases and becomes hybrid; the PKOs＇ challenges change from lack of resourses to peackeepers＇ high risk to difficulty to improve the efficiency of the operations to impairment of unilaterism.