发展型政府:地方政府转型的过渡态——基于沪、苏、锡的海归创业政策案例调研

The Approach from Developmental Government to Service-Oriented Government——Based on Case Studies of Returnee's Entrepreneurship Policy in Shanghai,Suzhou and Wuxi

随着服务型政府理念的提出,中国一些地方政府开始逐步探索和实践服务型政府的转型。本文通过对发展型政府和服务型政府的理论溯源和概念澄清,指出从发展型政府向服务型政府转型的关键是提供均等化和普遍化的公共服务。目前一些服务导向的地方政府实际上仍在执行发展型政府的职能。以上海、苏州和无锡等地的海归创业政策为案例,分析了这些地方政府提供"保姆式服务"的原因和表现,并指出其政府形态仍然是发展型政府。继而通过研究其发展型政府的内在制约和"保姆式服务"的不足,揭示地方政府从发展型政府向服务型政府的动态转变轨迹。最后,对如何促进政府转型和海归创业企业发展提出了政策建议。

As the concept of public service-oriented government becomes popular,local governments in China start experiments aiming to realize a transition from developmental government to service-oriented government. This article argues that the key for such a transition is to provide equalizing and universal public services. However,based on case studies of Shanghai,Suzhou and Wuxi's local policies promoting overseas returnee's entrepreneurship,this article analyzes the local government services provided to overseas returnees and finds that the so-called services provided by local governments are still essentially provided by developmental governments. Therefore,this article highlights those problems emerging from such services and give policy options to to realize a full transition from developmental government to service-oriented government.