美国《残疾人教育法案》:法理、实践及其公平意义

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act:Legal Principles,Practice and the Equity of Education

本文依据20世纪晚期美国国会通过的《残疾人教育法案》,结合美国特殊教育实践,尤其是特殊教育实践中发生的具体的法律争议和相关措施,评介美国社会追求残疾学生教育公平的实践过程,这一过程包含残疾学生鉴定、残疾学生教育、残疾学生服务和残疾学生治疗。美国残疾人教育公平的理念与实践,有助于启发我们进一步关注残疾人教育,对促进我国特殊教育事业的进步,具有借鉴意义。

This article, based on the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act （IDEA） passed by the US Congress in the late 20th century, as well as the practice of the US special education, especially the legal disputes and relevant measures involving the US special education, reviews the practice of the equity of education for disabled persons in the US, including the identification of disabled students, and their education, service and medical treatment. The ideas and practice of the equity of education for disabled persons in the US help to enhghten us on our further concern over the education of disabled persons, and to promote the development of spe- cial education.