从摩梭族葬礼看母系文化对死亡的心理创伤处理

The Coping on the Psychological Trauma of Death in the Matrilineal Culture:a View from a Mosuo Funeral

死亡,意味着永久的分离,带给生者的心理创伤是强烈而显著的。死亡也是一种文化,母系文化以其体贴、包容的阴柔之美,重视平等、和谐的集体观念,完成对于死亡的哀悼。摩梭族,作为现今仅存的少数母系为主的社会体系之一,其葬礼的各项仪式渗透了对生者的人文关怀、整体哀悼以及男女间和谐的关系处理,对心理创伤的修复过程有着积极地促进作用。

Death means a permanent separation and the psychological trauma for the lives is grave and enduring. In addition, death represents a culture. The tradition of great funeral in Mosuo, one of the few matrilineal systems in the world today, shows that the people in the matrilineal culture grieve over the death of the families with the considerate tolerant feminine beauty, and equal valued harmonic collective notion,people mourn as a whole. Every ritual which refleets the humanistic care to the lives and the balanceable harmonic relationship between men and women, will effectually promote the recovery process of psychological trauma.