纳米人造皮肤及其材料在烧伤创面的应用

Application of nano artificial skin and its materials in burn wounds

目的:总结评价目前纳米人造皮肤及材料的种类、性能特点以及在烧伤创面的应用情况和发展前景。方法:采用电子检索的方式,在万方数据库(http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/)中检索1999-01/2009-12有关纳米人造皮肤及材料在烧伤创面应用的研究文章,关键词为"纳米技术,人工材料,烧伤创面"。排除重复研究、普通综述或Meta分析类文章,筛选纳入24篇文献进行评价。结果:目前,用于皮肤修复的纳米敷料主要有载角质细胞生长因子、细菌纤维素、纳米银和几丁聚糖纳米微粒等。根据尺寸效应和表面效应的原理,将各种皮肤敷料纳米化,可使敷料更好地黏附,能有效防止创面出血和感染,减少疼痛,加快创面修复。其中纳米银的临床应用最多,发展最快。纳米银与其他材料的复合使用也在研究探索之中,并已取得一些成效。同时,纳米材料用于烧伤创面修复的安全性、稳定性、均匀性和生产率等问题也引起人们的重视,是当前该方向的热点研究问题之一。结论:纳米敷料种类多样,功效良好,不良事件少,是比较理想的烧伤创面用药类型,值得进一步研究。

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the types and characteristics of existing nanometer artificial skin and materials,as well as the application and development prospects in burn wounds.METHODS：A computer search was performed in Wanfang database（http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn/）between January 1999 and December 2009 to retrieve articles of nanometer artificial skin and materials applied in burn wound,using key words of ＂nanotechnology,artificial materials,burn wound＂in Chinese.After the repeated study,general review or Meta analysis were excluded,24 articles were screened into the evaluation.RESULTS：At present,nano-dressings for skin repair are mainly keratinocyte growth factor,bacterial cellulose,nano-silver and chitosan nano-particles,etc.According to the principles of size effect and surface effect,a variety of nanometer skin dressings can achieve better adhesion,effectively prevent the bleeding wound and infection,reduce pain,and accelerate wound healing.Nano-silver is most used in clinical application and fastest growing.Nano-silver compound with other materials is also under exploring ways and has obtained some success.Meanwhile,a series of problems regarding nano-materials repair burn wound,such as security,stability,uniformity and productivity,are also paid attention,it is one of the current hotspot of related studies.CONCLUSION：The nanometer dressing,with various types,good efficacy and low adverse events,is an ideal medication type of burn wounds,being worth further study.