面-颧三角的显微解剖学研究及临床应用

Microsurgical anatomy of facial - zygomatic triangle and its clinical application

目的 探讨面-颧三角的显微解剖并讨论其临床意义,为术中面神经的保护提供解剖参考.方法 观测经血管灌注后12例（24侧）尸头的面-颧三角及其毗邻.结果 面-颧三角由三个点相互连接组成：A点,耳屏前缘与颧弓上缘的交点;B点,做经A点与颧弓的垂直线,其与面神经最上分支的交点;C点,面神经额颞支最后分支与颧弓上缘的交点.经测量得,A-B的平均距离是26.08 mm,A-C的平均距离是17.62 mm.结论 面-颧三角是一非常实用的浅表解剖结构.在颧弓下进行手术操作时,面-颧三角对避免面神经的损伤有着重要的临床意义.

Objective To describe anatomic details and landmarks of the facial - zygomatic triangle for avoiding facial nerve damage when working below zygomatic arch （ ZA ） . Method Twelve consective injected cadaveric heads （ 24 sides） were used to oberserve and measure the facial - zygomatic triangle. Information was obtained about the size of the facial - zygomatic triangle and its relationship. Results Thefacial - zygomatic triangle could be drawn by connecting three points： A, at the level of the anterior border of the tragus.just above the superior edge of the ZA;B,on the same vertical plane of A,just superior to the facial nerve（FN） ;and C on a horizontal plane,at the level where the posterior most branch of the FN crosses the superior border of the ZA. Thus, the average A - B distance was 26. 08 mm, and the average A - C distance was 17. 62 mm. Conclusions The facial - zygomatic triangle is a very useful superficial landmark to avoid facial nerve damage when working below ZA.