云南省陇川县男性青年吸毒危险因素分析

Risk factors for initiation of drug use among young males in Longchuan,Yunnan

目的 探索边境地区男性青年吸毒的危险因素。方法 断面调查基础上建立回顾性队列，观察期为１９９１ 年１ 月１ 日至１９９４ 年８ 月１ 日。被调查对象人口学和行为方面资料采用匿名方法收集。危险因素的确定采用单因素和多因素分析方法。结果 每年新吸毒者发生率在１９９１ ～１９９３ 年间逐年上升。根据多因素分析，吸毒的危险因素包括：未婚、离婚或分居或丧偶（ Ｏ Ｒ＝ ８ ．９） 、被朋友或他人鼓励尝试毒品（ Ｏ Ｒ＝ ８ ．８） ，吸烟（ Ｏ Ｒ＝ ２ ．４） ，属景颇族（ Ｏ Ｒ＝ １ ．８） 以及１９９１ 年家庭成员中有人吸毒（ Ｏ Ｒ＝ １ ．５） 。至少上学７ 年是吸毒的保护因素（ Ｏ Ｒ＝ ０ ．６） 。几个主要危险因素的人群归因危险度分别是：被朋友或他人鼓励尝试吸毒为７０ ．８ ％ ，吸烟５０ ％ ，属景颇族为２４ ％ 。结论 采取社区干预来改变人们对吸烟及吸毒的看法，可能会大幅度降低新吸毒者发生率。为此，建议尽快开展社区干预项目。

Objective To identify the risk factors for drug use among young males in Longchuan, Yunnan.Methods A non-concurrent cohort study was carried out based on a cross-sectional survey. Demographic,behavioral,and drug-using related information were collected using an anonymous questionnaire. The non-concurrent cohort included the period January 1,1991 to August 1,1994. Risk factors were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results The annual incidence of drug use increased between 1991 and 1993. Multivariate analysis identified the following risk factors for drug use: being born to Jingpo ethnic group (OR=1.8,95%C.I. 1.2 - 2.5 ),being divorced/widowed/separated (OR=8.9,95%C.I. 1.8- 43.3 ),smoking cigarettes (OR=2.4,95%C.I. 1.6 - 3.8 ),having had pre-/extra-marital sex (OR=1.5,95%C.I. 1.1 - 2.2 ),having been encouraged by friends to try drugs (OR=8.8,95%C.I. 6.1 - 12.9 ),and having a family member who used drugs in 1991 (OR=1.5,95%C.I. 1.0 - 2.3 ). More than six years of education was a protective factor for drug use (OR=0.6,95%C.I. 0.4 - 0.98 ). The population attributable fractions were 70.8 % for being encouraged by friends or others to try drugs,50% for smoking cigarettes and 24% for being Jingpo ethnic group. Conclusion Results suggested that community based programs to change attitudes towards smoking cigarettes and drug use could dramatically reduce the incidence of new drug users in Longchuan County. We,therefore, recommend a community-based intervention program targeting adolescent.