心理暗示疗法对缓解口腔超声洁治术中疼痛的效果

Analgesic effect of psychological suggestion during ultrasonic scaling treatment

目的探索心理暗示疗法缓解超声洁治术中疼痛的效果。方法选择88例轻中度慢性牙周炎患者,随机选择患者的左半侧或右半侧口腔作为试验侧,另一侧为对照侧。试验侧进行治疗时,护士将一球形、质软、有弹性的玩具置于布袋中交给患者,并向患者强调将其握紧可以缓解治疗中的疼痛不适。对照侧由医生采用常规超声洁治操作。每侧治疗完成后,由患者用视觉模拟量表(visual analog scale,VAS)对疼痛程度进行评价。结果 试验侧VAS均值为(3.2±2.1)分,对照侧为(3.8±2.2)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。女性患者试验侧VAS值为(3.2±2.2)分,对照侧为(4.0±2.3)分,对照侧高于试验侧,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性患者对照侧和试验侧的VAS均值差异无统计学意义(P=0.142)。年龄<35岁的患者中,试验侧VAS值为(3.6±2.0)分,对照侧为(4.5±2.1)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);35岁以上患者试验侧和对照侧VAS值的差异无统计学意义(P=0.085)。结论心理暗示疗法可以有效缓解超声洁治术中的疼痛,尤其对于女性及年龄<35岁的患者效果更明显。

Objective To evaluate the analgesic effect of psychological suggestion during ultrasonic scaling treatment. Methods Eighty-eight patients with mild to moderate periodontitis were recruited in this study. A self-control was used. One side （left or right） of each patient was randomly selected as test side,and the other side was used as control. Routine ultrasonic scaling was conducted by the dentist at control side,while psychological suggestion was applied at the test side. The nurses asked the patients to hold a globular toy which was in a cloth bag. The patients were told that pain could be relieved when hold the toy tightly during therapy. Patients scored their pain levels with visual analog scale （VAS） after each procedure. Results The mean score of VAS at the test side was significantly lower than that of control side （3.2±2.1 vs. 3.8±2.2,P〈0.01）. There was significant difference on the VAS score between test side and control side in female patients （3.2±2.2 vs. 4.0±2.3, P〈0.01） and patients younger than 35 years old （3.6±2.0 vs. 4.5±2.1,P〈0.01）,while no significant difference in male patients （3.2±2.0 vs. 3.5±2.0,P=0.142） and patients aged over 35 years old（2.8±2.1 vs. 3.1±2.0,P=0.085）. Conclusion Psychological suggestion can effectively relieve pain during ultrasonic scaling treatment in female patients and patients younger than 35 years old.