国际贸易中的“碳”不平等交换理论与实证分析

程恩富和王朝科从政治经济学的视角构建了一个低碳经济的理论框架,并为深化低碳经济的理论研究和政策研究提供一种可资借鉴的方法。杨志和陈波对碳排放权的三种产权类型进行分析,认为控制温室气体排放的有效方式是在对排放总量严格控制的前提下,借助特定的制度安排将碳排放权或减排目标分解并落实到每一个微观单位。马艳和李真认为,在发达国家与不发达国家之间的国际贸易交换活动中,除了直接体现在国际商品价值生产方面的不平等交换之外,还存在"碳"的不平等交换,两种经济体在贸易品生产技术和国际碳排放标准的制定权等方面的差异性,是导致国际"碳"不平等交换的重要原因。齐新宇和严金强在马克思的两部类均衡增长模型的基础上,通过建立一个存在环境约束条件的增长模型,来说明为什么技术进步和产业结构的转变能够控制"碳"排放,从而保证可持续的增长。

Cheng and Wang construct a theory frame of low-carbon economy from the perspective of political economy and provid a reference method for deepening the theoretical and policy research of low-carbon economy. Yang and Chen analyze three types of property rights of carbon emissions,and consider the most effective mode of controlling the greenhouse gas emission is distributing the property rights of carbon emissions to each micro unit in the condition of strictly controlling the total emission amount. Ma and Li consider in the international trade between developed countries and developing countries,there is not only existing the unequal exchange of commodity's value,but also existing the unequal exchange of 'carbon' ,the difference of product technology and carbon emissions standard are the main reasons. Qi and Yan establish a growth model which existed the environmental constraints to explain why the technology progress and industrial structure change could control the carbon emissions and furthermore to keep the sustainable growth.