基于ENVISat的海洋污染性油膜雷达散射特征与扩散趋势分析

Analysis on Radar Backscatter Feature and Evolution of Ocean Pollution Oil Slick with ENVISat SAR

污染性海洋溢油一旦发生,快速获取油膜信息对有效控制溢油危害具有重要意义。以渤海湾一次溢油污染事件为例,利用ENVISat数据根据油膜雷达后向散射特征分析溢油的发生,并利用溢油期间的连续风场信息和连续SAR数据对比研究油膜的扩散趋势以及扩散过程中油膜尺度的变化。结果表明:污染性油膜在海上扩散的不同阶段具有不同的SAR图像特征,海上溢油雷达遥感检测分析方法与检测效果因SAR图像获取时油膜所处扩散阶段不同而有所不同,通过SAR连续观测结合辅助信息可以对污染油膜及其运动进行有效监控与预测。

It has great significance for controlling the influence of oil spill to get pollution oil slick information promptly.Due to its all day-night and all-weather capability,space-borne synthetic aperture radar（SAR） has been proven to be a useful tool for ocean oil spill monitoring.Taking an oil pollution accident occurred in Bohai Sea as study case,this paper puts emphasis on studying radar backscatter feature and the evolution of pollution oil slicks.The potential oil spill source area was deduced by analyzing the change of backscatter values of slicks.The obtained oil spill information was integrated with continuous wind field data to study the evolution of the slicks and its size change during the period.The results show that the corresponding methods should be applied in the different evolution phases for the different SAR image feature of oil slicks.It is possible to monitor and predict the movement of the slicks with consecutive radar imagery combining with additional information.