德州地区医院儿童感染流感嗜血杆菌的耐药性分析

Drug resistance analysis of children infected haemophilus intluenzae in Dezhou area

目的调查2005－2009年德州地区三级医院儿童感染流感嗜血杆菌的耐药性变迁，为儿科临床医师合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法采用WHONET4—5软件对2436株流感嗜血杆菌的耐药率进行统计分析。结果德州地区儿童组流感嗜血杆菌的耐药率低于成人组，对常用抗菌药物的耐药率多呈上升趋势；对氨苄西林耐药率最高，达92．9％～96．9％：对亚胺培南和美罗培南敏感率最高，为100．0％；耐药率较高的抗菌药物有哌拉西林、头孢唑林、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟（40．9％－65．9％）；耐药率较低的抗菌药物有阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、头孢西丁（5．0％－20．0％）。结论结合儿童的生理特点，应采取有效措施，合理使用抗菌药物，控制耐药茼的产生与暴发流行。

Objective To investigale the antibiotic resistance changing of Haemophilus infiuenzae isolated from children in Dezhou tertial level hospitals from 2005 to 2009 dynamically and provide the reference .（or clinical application of antibiotics. Methods The WHONET4 - 5 software was used to analyze the antibiotic resistant rates in 2436H. infiuenzae ;strains. Results The resistance rate in H. influenzae strains in children group was lower than that in adult group. The resistance rates of the commonly used antibiotics showed the ascending tendency. 92.9 - 96. 9% of H. infiuenzae isolates were resistant to ampicillin with the highest resistance rate. 100% of them were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem with the highest susceptibility. The antibiotics with higher resistant rate（40.9 - 65.9% ） comprised piperaeillin, cepbazoline, cefuroxime and cefotaxime. But the resistance rates to amikaein, levofloxaein, eiprofioxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, eefoperazone/sulhactam and cefoxitin were lower,5.0 - 20.0%. Conclusions We should take effective measurement to use antibiotics reasonably in combination with children＇ s physiological characteristics and control the occurrence and outbreak epidemic of resistant bacteria.