全尺寸汽车火灾实验

Experimental full-scale car fire study

为对小汽车内火灾发展特点进行研究,在同一辆汽车内进行了两次足尺寸火灾实验。第一次在驾驶舱后排座椅放置点燃的香烟,用以研究烟头引发火灾的可能性;第二次人为点燃驾驶舱后排座椅,用以模拟汽车驾驶舱被纵火的场景。实验使用了摄像机、热电偶及辐射热通量计对实验过程进行记录,结果显示:汽车座椅的阴燃过程发展缓慢并且很难引燃小汽车;车窗紧闭的情况下,驾驶舱内火灾会因为缺氧而窒息;因为发动机舱与驾驶舱之间存在较多分隔部件,火灾向发动机舱的蔓延要明显慢于向后备箱的蔓延。

The characteristics of a fire in a car interior were studied using two full scale fire experiments in a car.The first test was a smoldering test to study the possibility of ignition by a cigarette stub placed on the back seat of a car.The second test was a full scale car fire set from the back seat to simulate arson.The tests used videos,thermocouples and thermometers to record data.The results show that the smoldering of the back seats develops slowly and did not easily ignite a fire.Also the fire scale in an enclosed interior could go out due to the lack of oxygen.The fire in the car tends to spread to the trunk rather than the engine compartment since there are more parts between the engine compartment and the interior.