宋子文与“西安事变”的和平解决

Song Ziwen and Peaceful Settlement of the Xi'an Incident

在"西安事变"的和平解决中,宋子文发挥了重要作用。宋子文在事变后初次赴陕,即坚定了推动事变和平解决的信心,再度赴陕,则在事变各方间极力斡旋,以其高超的谈判能力和务实的政治风格推动着事变走出险象环生而朝着有利于和平解决的趋势发展。事变后,宋子文又尽己之能善后西北,最终使事变和平解决得以完成。但宋子文的这一作用不是孤立的,没有周恩来在事变中所起"谋主"的作用,宋子文是无法"树柱壁"的,而历史选择周、宋充当和平谈判的主角,则是由许多看似偶然、实则必然的因素决定的。

Song Ziwen played an important role in the settlement of the Xi＇an Incident.When he came to Shaanxi for at the beginning of the Incident,he made his mind with firm confidence in promoting to settle the Incident peacefully.When he came again he tried his best to mediate among different parties and advanced the Incident for developing into a peaceful settlement with his excellent art of negotiation and realistic political style.After the calm of the critical period of the Incident,Song continued to try all means to rehabilitate the affairs in northwestern China to bring the Incident into a complete peaceful settlement.However,Song＇s contributions in the Incident were not made all by himself but with the critical help of Zhou Enlai,who was the actual weightiest figure in settling the Xi＇an Incident.The historical roles of Zhou and Song in the settlement of the Incident were determined by some seemingly incidental but actually necessary elements.