核壳结构纳米复合材料在催化中的应用

Application of core/shell nano-composite materials in catalysis

核壳结构纳米复合材料因其独特的结构而呈现出诸多新奇的物理、化学特性,在催化、生物、医学、光、电、磁以及高性能机械材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景。其中核/壳型结构的催化剂不仅可实现可控催化反应,还可以保护芯材不受外界环境的化学侵蚀,解决纳米粒子的团聚等问题,成为近年来催化领域的研究热点。本文系统综述了核壳型纳米复合材料在催化中的最新研究进展,详细介绍了金属-金属、金属-氧化物、氧化物-氧化物等核壳结构型的纳米复合材料在燃料电池中的电催化氧化反应、有机物加氢、选择性氧化、还原、环境催化及光催化降解等反应中的应用,并对今后核壳结构型的催化剂的研究方向进行了展望。

Core/shell nano-composite materials presents novel physical and chemical properties because of the special structure,which has broad application prospects in catalysis,biology,medicine,light,electricity,magnetism and high-performance machines. Catalyst with a core/shell structure can not only achieve controlled catalytic reactions,but also protect the core materials from chemical erosion by the external environment and the issues such as the aggregation of nano-particles can be prevented simultaneously. This review summarizes the recent progress in core/shell nano-composite materials for catalysis,such as core/shell nano-composite materials with metal-metal,metal-oxide and oxide-oxide,and their application in electro-catalytic oxidation,hydrogenation,selective oxidation,reduction,environmental catalysis and photo-catalytic degradation reactions. Prospects for future developments of core/shell nano-composite materials in catalysis are proposed.