不同盐度驯化方式对小鲟鳇(Huso huso)(♀)×(Acipenser ruthenus)(♂)生长及渗透生理的影响

Effects of Different Salinity Acclimation on the Growth and Osmophysiology of the Bester(Huso huso)(♀)×(Acipenser ruthenus)(♂)

本研究以小鲟鳇幼鱼为研究对象,对比了不同驯化方式(即从淡水开始,盐度分别突变0,5,10和15,然后每天增加盐度1,分别表示为T0、T5、T10和T15)对其生长性能、血浆渗透压、鳃丝Na^+/K^+-ATP酶活性以及血糖、血清主要金属离子和氯离子浓度等的影响。从驯化至盐度28得到的结果表明,各处理小鲟鳇存活率差异不显著(P>0.05);T0和T5处理的特定生长率差异不大,但显著高于T15和T10处理(P<0.05);各处理血浆渗透压显著高于驯化前,但相互之间差异不显著;各处理小鲟鳇鳃丝Na^+/K^+-ATP酶活力均明显升高,但T15处理的鳃丝Na^+/K^+-ATP酶活力显著低于其它处理(P<0.05);各处理小鲟鳇血糖含量均低于驯化前水平,但相互之间差异不大(P>0.05);与在淡水中相比,盐度突变幅度最大的处理(T15)的小鲟鳇在驯化过程中血清Na^+、K^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和Cl^-浓度显著上升。除Na^+和Cl^-浓度变化趋势相同外,其它离子浓度的变化规律性不强。综合比较表明,小鲟鳇对较高的盐度及其突变耐受性较差,而从淡水向海水驯化时,盐度为5的突变幅度可能对小鲟鳇比较适宜。

The effect of different salinity acclimation on the growth, plasma osmolality, ion concentration and gill Na^＋/K^＋-ATPase activity of the Bester was studied an abrupt change in salinity 0（T0）, 5ppt （TS）, 10ppt（T10） and 15ppt（T15）, raised lppt once a day then. The results showed that the livability of the Bester was not remarkable, and the specific growth rates of T0 and T5 were higher than T10 and T15 significantly. The plasma osmolality and activity of the gill Na^＋/K^＋-ATPase were increased with salinity, but there was no distinct difference among all treatments. The similar trends were observed in the plasma glucoses of the bester. Compared with other treatments, concentrations of Na^＋ , K^＋ , Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ and Cl^- in the plasma of T15 were increased remarkably during the acclimation. The results indicated that the optima.1 range of salinity change was 5ppt for the Bester.