关于加强我国外来有害物种入侵的管理与控制之思考

Suggestions on Reinforcing Management and Control of Exotic Pest Species in China

随着经济全球化的不断发展,国际政治交往与社会经济活动也日益频繁,国家与国家之间、地区与地区之间的物质、能量和物种等的交流范围与数量也与日俱增,这些活动也不可避免地或无意地引入或输出了大量物种,结果造成了许多外来物种入侵问题。生物入侵已成为当今的一个重要全球性问题。外来有害物种入侵可对当地的生物多样性和生态环境造成严重危害,进而对经济社会发展造成较大的负面影响。因此,需要建立和完善外来物种管理法律与法规体系,建立外来物种的科学引入机制和风险评价体系,加强生物入侵宣传,发动公众参与,加强外来入侵物种生态控制的研究和严格管理,以达到充分利用外来物种的价值,最大限度地减轻外来入侵物种的危害。

With the development of economic globalization,international political contacts and socio-economic activities are becoming more and more frequent.The exchange of the material,energy and species is expanding in scope and quantity among different countries and regions.It may inevitably or unconsciously input or output many kinds of pests,which often results in lots of problems of alien species invasion.Nowadays,biological invasion has become a major global problem.Alien pests may be very harmful to local biodiversity and environment,and then cause negative impacts on the development of economy and society.Therefore,some countermeasures should be taken to make good use of alien species and minimize their damage.It is suggested to establish and improve regulations and statute systems for alien species;to build up scientific introduction mechanisms and risk assessment system for alien species;to reinforce the propaganda about biological invasion and motivate public participation;to strengthen technology studies on controlling alien species and strict management to them.