武汉地区新生儿出生缺陷治疗现状的研究及其对策

The Actuality of Surgery Treatment on Birth Defects in Wuhan Area and its Strategy

目的:了解本地区新生儿出生缺陷的治疗现状与存在问题。方法:对2008年7月～2009年7月在武汉市妇女儿童医疗保健中心新生儿外科住院的1610例病例进行统计和分析。从中筛选出符合调查标准的有效病例943例。从单变量、多变量两方面进行分析。单变量统计方面,设有"城乡"、"性别"、"选择情况"、"转归"等调查项目。多变量统计方面,设定了"患者性别和出生环境"、"疾病种类和治疗情况"、"疾病种类和入院年龄"、"出生环境和选择情况"4个项目。最后,根据统计的数据绘制出相关图表。结果:①出生缺陷症占住院病人总数的百分率呈上升趋势;②城乡之间、男女之间就诊情况有显著差别;③重症出生缺陷治愈率达84.09%,非重症治愈率达94.72%;;④新生儿期的治疗成本较非新生儿期低。结论:虽然新生儿出生缺陷症的早期手术治疗是确实可行的,治愈率也比较高,但是大部分患儿家长缺乏对该类疾病的正确认识。因此,有必要向全社会普及新生儿出生缺陷症的相关知识并宣传正确的诊疗思想。

Objective： To understand the treatments status and problems of birth defects in Wuhan area.Methods： The monitoring data includes 1610 cases of neonatal surgical patients at Women and Children Health Care Centers of Wuhan from July 2008 to July 2009.943 valuable cases were elected to analyze from several aspects.In univariate analysis,there are many investigated items including ＂urban and rural areas＂,＂sex＂,＂circumstances of alternative＂,＂turnover＂ and so on.On the other hand,in multi variable analysis,＂the sex of the patient and the environment of birth ＂,＂the category of disease and conditions of treatment ＂,＂the category of disease and age＂,＂the environment of birth and circumstances of alternative ＂ are considered.At last,a diagram based on the relative statistical data was described.Results： ① The incidence rate of neonate birth defects is rising;② There were significant differences in treatment between urban and rural areas.So do men and women;③ With the development of science and technology,the cure rate of birth defects has been up to the requirements;④ The cost of neonatal treatment is lower than non-neonatal period.Conclusion：Although the early surgical treatment is indeed feasible and cost-efficient,most parents still reject the new therapy.Therefore,it is necessary to popularize this new therapy to the whole society.