新生儿肺炎与产科相关因素的探讨

Neonatal Pneumonia and Related Obstetric Factors

目的：为探讨新生儿肺炎的病因和降低病死率。方法：对１１２例住院患儿进行临床分析。结果：发病与产科相关者７８例占６９４３％，各种产科因素致胎儿宫内或产时缺氧直接造成各类吸入性肺炎。孕母产前感染、早破水、产时消毒不严可致感染性肺炎。呼吸衰竭（呼衰）是各类肺炎主要的合并症（２５％）和死亡原因（８０％）。结论：加强产科有关因素的防治可降低新生儿肺炎的发病率，掌握窒息后复苏技术可预防呼衰发生，减少病死率。

Objective:To discuss the causes of neonatal pneumonia and the measurs of decreasing the mortality.Methods:One hundred and twelve inpatients of neonatal pneumonia were analysed retrospectively.Results:Seventy-eight cases of neonatal pneumonia were related to obstetric factors,accounting for 69 73%.prenatal and intranatal anoxia resulted from obstetric factors were the direct causes of different kinds of aspiration pneumonia. Prenatal infection of the mother,premature rupture of amniotic membrane and incomplete intranatal sterilization might cause infectious pneumonia.Conclusion:Respiratory failure is the most common complication(75%) and cause of death(80%) of different pneumonia.Prevention and treatment of obstetric factors can decrease the incidence of neonatal pneumonia and mastering resuscitation after asphyxia may prevent occurrence of respiratory failure and decrease the motality.