中国制造业空间集聚、要素流动与技术进步

Spatial Agglomeration,Factor Mobility and Technological Progress of China's Manufacturing Industry

根据国内外大量事实研究成果和产业集聚理论,结合中国制造业的现状,分析了21个制造业行业的空间集聚状况及对所集聚区域要素流动和技术进步的推动。研究表明:21个制造业行业绝大多数集中在中国广东、江苏、山东、浙江等东部沿海发达地区,东、中、西部间差距甚远。伴随着制造业行业的空间集聚,生产要素(资本和劳动力)不断由制造业弱集聚区域流向强集聚区域。产业集聚加速了区域的技术进步与创新,抵消了技术效率下降的不利影响,促进了地区全要素生产率的持续增加。

Based on the research results and the classic industrial cluster theory, and taking the status quo of China＇ s manufacturing industry into consideration, the author analyzes the spatial agglomeration of 21 manufacturing industries and their promotion on the factor mobility and technological progress of the regions. The results show that the vast majority of the 21 manufacturing industries concentrate in China＇ s coastal developed regions in the east, and the situation varies a lot among the east, middle and the west regions. Along with the spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industries, production factors （capital and labor） flow from the weak cluster areas to strong cluster areas. The agglomeration of enterprises accelerates the technical progress and innovation of the regions, offsets the adverse impact of declining technical efficiency, and promotes the continual increase of regional total factor productivity .