蚌埠地区中学生亚健康症状与家庭因素的关系

Association of sub-health symptoms with family environment factors in middle school students in Bengbu district

目的了解蚌埠地区中学生的亚健康状况,探讨家庭因素对中学生亚健康状况的影响。方法采用分层、随机整群方法抽取蚌埠地区6所中学的2910名中学生,男生1535名,女生1375名,年龄(14.91±2.00)岁,对其进行问卷调查,内容包括:中学生的一般人口学特征、家庭环境因素和亚健康多维评定问卷。结果中学生亚身心健康症状报告率为64.0%。躯体亚健康症状报告率为13.6%,其中三个维度躯体活力不足、生理功能低下和抵抗力下降人数比例分别为53.0%、68.7%和55.0%。心理亚健康症状报告率为55.4%,其中三个维度情绪问题、品行问题和社会适应困难人数比例分别为78.4%、51.1%和85.6%。不同年级中学生亚健康症状报告率不同,随着年级的增加而升高(P<0.05),男生亚健康症状报告率为65.7%,高于女生的62.0%(P<0.05);对亚健康症状报告率有影响的家庭环境因素包括父亲的健康状况、母亲的健康状况和主要陪伴人。结论中学生亚健康症状报告率较高,随着年级的增加而升高;父母亲健康程度低和主要陪伴人不是父母为中学生亚健康症状的危险因素。

Objective To describe the prevalence of psychosomatic sub-health symptoms in middle school students and to explore the related family factors affecting the sub-health symptoms.Methods Based on stratified, random cluster sampling method,2 910 students from 6 middle schools in Bengbu district were sampled.Questionnaire on demographic characteristics and family factors,and the multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents （MSQA） were used to investigate the risk factors of sub-health symptoms.Results The prevalence of overall sub-health symptoms was reported in 64.0 % of students,physical symptoms was reported in 13.6% of the students,and the rates of physical inactivity,physiological dysfunction and immunity decline were in 53.0% , 68.7% and 55.0% of students respectively.Mental sub-health symptoms were reported in 55.4% of students, emotional symptoms,behavioral symptoms and social adaptation problems were reported in 78.4% ,51.5% and 85.6% of students respectively.There was an increase in the prevalence of self-reported sub-health symptoms with the increase of the grade （P〈0.05）,boys were more likely to report sub-health symptoms than girls （65.7% vs.62.0% ,P〈0.05）.The main family factors affecting sub-health symptom of students were the health status of their parents and major accompanying persons.Conclusion The prevalence rate of sub-health symptoms in middle school students was very high and increased with the length of time and the grade at school.The risk factors for sub-health symptoms of students were the lower health level of their parents and not their parents accompanying them.