甲醛/苯酚配比对可发性甲阶酚醛树脂性能的影响研究

Research on the influence of formaldehyde/phenol ratio on the performance of foamable phenolic resin

以苯酚、多聚甲醛、甲醛溶液为原料,NaOH为催化剂,采用逐步共聚的聚合工艺,制备可发性甲阶酚醛树脂,采用环保型发泡剂、匀泡剂、实验室自制复合酸固化剂制备阻燃保温酚醛泡沫材料。研究了甲醛/苯酚配比(物质的量之比即F/P)进行单因素分析,对可发性甲阶酚醛树脂的物理性能、有毒物质残余量、分子结构和活性的影响以及与树脂可发性的关系。结果表明,当F/P=2.0时,可发性甲阶酚醛树脂的粘度为2 680 mPa.s,游离甲醛含量为0.75%,游离苯酚含量为2.3%,羟甲基含量为34.83%,泡沫表观密度为0.050 7 g/cm3。

The foamable phenolic resin were prepared from formaldehyde,paraformaldehyde and phenol,using NaOH as catalyst,by gradually copolymerization.The environmental protection vesicant,foam stabilizer and lab made mixed acid curing agent were used to mixed with the foamable phenolic resin to prepare flame-retardant insulation phenolic foam.By analyzing the formaldehyde/phenol ratio（molar ratio）,the influence of molar ratio on the physical properties,the toxic residue,the molecular structure and activity and resin foamability were researched.The result showed that when the molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol is 2.0,the viscosity of the foamable phenolic resin is 2 680 mPa·s,free formaldehyde content is 0.75%,free phenol content is 2.3%,hydroxymethyl content is 34.83%,apparent density is 0.050 7 g/cm^3.