营养基质和栽培槽对番茄生长的影响研究

Effect of nutrition substrates and cultivation beds on tomato growth

利用菇渣(MR)、沼渣(DR)、草炭土(PS)配合铁矿尾矿砂(IMT)等废弃物作为无土栽培的营养基质,研究了不同基质配比、不同形式的改良栽培槽对番茄生长的影响及其经济效益。结果表明:以尾矿砂∶草炭∶沼渣=3∶1∶1配比基质综合效果好、效益最高,比常用的炉渣∶草炭=3∶2基质降低物料成本约2 380元/667 m2;栽培槽以1块砖竖放的成本最低,较常规3块砖卧放的栽培槽对番茄生长和产量无明显影响,但可降低用砖成本约1 190元/667 m2。

It is important to use agricultural and industrial wastes as nutrition substrates for crop production.In this paper,the effects of different ratios of mushroom residue（MR）,digestion residue（DI）,peat soil（PS） and iron mine tailing material（IMT） and different cultivation beds on tomato production were studied.The results showed that： in contrast to traditional substrate,the substrate combination of IMT∶PS∶DR=3∶1∶1 had the best posititive efficiency,which reduced the production cost about 2 380 yuan/667 m^2;in addition,when traditional three bricks replaced with one brick around four sides of the cultivation bed,it had no significant impact on tomato production but the cost was reduced about 1 190 yuan/667 m^2.