蝴蝶兰黄花系品种Phalaenopsis‘Taipei Gold’和P.‘Sara Gold’杂交及其后代的遗传表现

Inherited offspring characteristics from Phalaenopsis ‘Taipei Gold’× Phalaenopsis ‘Sara Gold’

以蝴蝶兰Phalaenopsis黄花系品种P.‘Taipei Gold’(2n=3x=57)作母本进行杂交育种有一个突出的问题是不育性障碍,为了克服这种障碍,多年来选择不同的父本进行杂交,终于发现采用P.‘Sara Gold’作父本进行杂交,收到蒴果1个,培育出杂交后代群体180株,其中有开花株99株。对杂交后代株高、冠幅、着花量、花径、花箭数、侧枝数及花色、唇瓣颜色和花瓣上的斑点进行观测记载。结果表明:杂交后代生长发育指标优于双亲的株数百分比:株高、冠幅、着花量、花径、侧枝数和花箭数分别占67.68%,86.87%,61.62%,24.24%,21.21%和26.26%;花瓣和唇瓣的颜色,基本遗传了双亲的特点,91%的后代花瓣颜色与双亲相似,74%的后代唇瓣颜色与双亲相似,90%的后代花瓣上出现了斑点。以P.‘Taipei Gold’作为母本成功杂交在国内首次报道,为蝴蝶兰黄花系杂交育种提供了实践依据。

Since the cross of the female parent of Phalaenopsis ‘Taipei Gold’ （2n = 3x = 57） always aborts, we tried to select different cultivars as the male to cross with P. ‘Taipei Gold’. P. ‘Taipei Gold’ crossed with P. ‘Sara Gold’ producing a capsule to breed 180 young plants of which 99 flowered. Offspring height; leaf length; flower diameter; the number of flowers, pedicels, and branches; flower and labellum color; and petal spots were compared. As a result, compared to the parents, offspring were taller （67.68%）, had longer leaves （86.87%）, had more flowers （61.62%）, had larger flowers （24.24%）, had more branches （21.21%）, had more pedicels （26.26%）, had petal color more like the female parent or male parent （91%）, had labellum color more like the female parent or male parent （74%）, and inherited their spot on the petals from P. ‘Sara Gold’（90%）. Thus, P. ‘Taipei Gold’ as the female parent was first crossed successfully; this research showed that it was practical to cross Phalaenopsis with yellow flower.