基于软组织体表标志的眶上孔和眶下孔定位

Location of supraorbital foramen and infraorbital foramen based on soft-tissue landmarks

目的:利用目内眦、目外眦对眶上孔及眶下孔进行定位研究,为颅面外科、口腔外科和整形外科等外科手术和麻醉提供眶上孔及眶下孔的体表定位数据。方法:20具成人甲醛固定尸体(其中男性16具、女性4具,共40侧)解剖暴露眶上孔和眶下孔,利用直接测量(利用游标卡尺测量、量角器)和间接测量(摄影后利用软件进行分析测量)的方法确定眶上孔和眶下孔的位置,对测量结果进行统计学分析。结果:眶上孔、眶下孔到目内眦最内侧的水平距离与目内、外眦间距比值的95%可信区间分别为(0.22,0.31)和(0.34,0.49),且此二者呈正相关关系,推导所得直线回归方程分别为EF=0.58CF+25.02(单位:mm)和EF=0.51DG+24.20(单位:mm)。眶上孔、眶下孔到目内、外眦的垂直距离分别为(25.09±3.36)mm、(23.91±3.31)mm、(25.75±3.34)mm和(26.93±3.88)mm。眶上孔、眶下孔与目内、外眦连线的夹角分别为72.54°±7.13°、66.77°±5.17°、47.45°±6.57°和54.69°±8.38°。眶上孔与目内、外眦连线中点垂线的夹角为12.78°±6.82°。结论:眶上孔、眶下孔到目内眦最内侧的水平距离与目内、外眦间距有线性相关关系,可以根据研究结果对不同个体计算不同的定位区间。

Objective To determine the location of the supraorbital foramen（SOF）and infraorbital foramen（IOF）relative to paropia and the medial corner of the eye,and provide more accurate data for dental and facial surgery.Methods Twenty embalmed adult cadavers（40 sides;16 men,4 women）were dissected to expose the SOFs and IOFs.The location of the SOFs and IOFs was evaluated with direct and photographic measurement.The data gained was analyzed by statistical method.Results The horizontal distances between the IOFs/SOFs and the medial corner of the eye to the distance between the medial corner of the eye and paropia ratios were measured,and their 95% confidence intervals were（0.22,0.31）and（0.34,0.49）.Their linear regression equations were EF=0.58CF＋25.02（unit：mm）and EF=0.51DG＋24.20（unit：mm）,respectively.The vertical distances between IOFs/SOFs and the medial/lateral corner of the eye were（25.09±3.36）mm,（23.91±3.31）mm,（25.75±3.34）mm and（26.93±3.88）mm.The horizontal angles between IOFs/SOFs and the medial/lateral corner of the eye were 72.54°±7.13°,66.77°±5.17°,47.45°±6.57°,and 54.69°±8.38°.The vertical angle between the SOFs and the vertical line of pupil was 12.78°±6.82°.Conclusion The horizontal distances between the IOFs/SOFs and the medial corner of the eye and the distance between the medial corner of the eye and paropia have linear correlation;according to the result,the different data in different subjects can be calculated.