健康学龄前儿童鼻通气功能及临床意义

Function and Clinical Significance of Nasal Respiration in Preschool Age

目的：为明确健康学龄前儿童鼻阻力情况和与之相关的鼻腔解剖学参数。方法：应用声反射鼻测量计对２８１名正常广东籍健康学龄前儿童的鼻腔进行测量。结果：学龄前儿童的鼻阻力（ＮＡＲ）有随着年龄的增加而逐渐减小的趋势，２、３岁年龄组儿童的鼻阻力明显大于５、６岁年龄组（Ｐ＜００５）；鼻腔容积（ＮＣＶ）和鼻腔最小横截面面积（ＮＭＣＡ）则随着年龄的增大而逐渐增大。２、３岁年龄组儿童的ＮＣＶ和ＮＭＣＡ明显小于５、６岁年龄组（Ｐ＜００５）。正常情况下，后鼻孔或鼻咽部不应成为鼻腔通气的限流节段。结论：学龄前儿童的鼻腔发育较快，鼻阻力的变化与鼻腔的发育密切相关，生理性增生的腺样体不影响儿童的鼻腔通气。

Aim: In order to know the NAR(nasal airway resistence) and the parameter of nasal cavity. Methods:The acoustic rhinometer was used in determining 281 normal children before school age. Results:The NAR becomes smaller as the children growing NCV (nasal cavity volume) and NMCA (nasal minimal cross-sectional area) becomes bigger. Posterior naris and naspoharyngeal part aren't responsible for the nasal valve in normal nasal cavity. Conclusions:The nasal cavity of children before school age was growing fast. There is a very close relationship between the NAR and the development of nasal cavity. Nasal respiration isn't affected by physiological hypertrophy of adnoid.