粤北地区过敏性鼻炎患者过敏原检测分析

目的了解粤北地区过敏性鼻炎患者的过敏原分布情况。方法采用皮肤点刺试验对454例过敏性鼻炎患者进行过敏原检测。结果 454例患者中,阳性反应者378例,阳性率为83.26%。其中,粉尘螨、屋尘螨过敏者为357例,占94.44%;花粉过敏者163例,占43.12%;蟑螂过敏为64例,占16.93%;艾蒿过敏为35例,占9.26%;豚草过敏为29例,占7.67%;狗毛、猫毛过敏为27例,占7.14%;真菌过敏为20例,占5.29%。结论粤北地区过敏性鼻炎主要由螨引起的过敏性鼻炎,其次是由花粉、蟑螂等引起的过敏性鼻炎,艾蒿、豚草、狗毛及猫毛引起的变应性鼻炎较低,真菌引起的变应性鼻炎极低。明确过敏原,对过敏性鼻炎的治疗具有重要的指导意义。

Objective To determine the distribution of allergens among allergic rhinitis patients living in Yuebei territory. Methods 454 patients with allergic rhinitis were recruited for allergens by skin prick test. Results There were 378 cases with positive prick test in the 454 patients,the positive rate was 83.26%.Among the 378 patients with positive prick test,the allergens were dermatophagoides culinae and house dust mite in 357 cases（94.44%）,pollen in 163 cases（43.12%）,cockroach in 64 cases （16.93%）,wormwood in 35cases（9.26%）, guineawood in 29 cases（7.67%）,dog hair and cat fur in 27 cases（7.14%）,mold in 20 cases （5.29%）. Conclusion The most common allergen in patients with allergic rhinitis in Yuebei territory seems to be Dermatophagoides culinae and House dust mite,the second is pollen and cockroach. The wormwood and guineawood are rare as allergens among the allergic rhinitis patients in Yuebei territory.The results may provide the guideline to treatment allergic rhinitis patients.