浙江省金华市本地及外来人群麻疹抗体水平监测分析

Surveillance of measles antibody levels in local and migrant populations of Jinhua city

目的了解浙江省金华市本地人群与外来人群麻疹免疫水平,为制定消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法以乡镇或居委会为单位,分<1岁、1～2岁、3～4岁、5～6岁、7～14岁、15～19岁、≥20岁7个年龄组,本地人群每个年龄组抽取90人,共630人;外来人群每个年龄组抽取30人,共210人。以此840人为监测对象,采集合格血清标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验定量检测麻疹IgG抗体,同时调查麻疹患病史、麻疹疫苗免疫史及基本情况。结果本地人群的麻疹抗体阳性率、保护率和几何平均浓度(GMC)分别为92.54%、78.73%和1774.19 mIU/ml;外来人群的麻疹抗体阳性率、保护率和GMC分别为66.67%、40.95%和269.90 mIU/ml。本地人群的阳性率、保护率和GMC均明显高于外来人群(P=0.000)。本地人群的疫苗接种率为82.38%(519/630),显著高于外来人群的12.86%(27/210)(χ2=333.75,P=0.000)。结论金华市本地人群麻疹免疫水平较高,外来人群的麻疹疫苗接种率不高,麻疹抗体水平明显低于本地人群。必须采取"加强流动儿童免疫接种管理、开展应急接种、给外来新生和新员工接种麻苗"等综合措施,来全面提高外来人群的麻疹抗体水平。

Objective This study outlines the measles immunity among local and migrant people in Jinhua city,providing the basis for development of measles elimination strategies.Methods Using 7 age groups（ 1 year,1 to 2 years,3 to 4 years,5 to 6 years,7 to 14 years,15 to 19 years,and ≥ 20 years）,840 subjects were selected from rural townships or residents＇ communities,consisting of 630 local residents,90 from each age group;and 210 immigrants,30 from each age group.The participants were subject to serological quantification of measles IgG antibodies by ELISA,and surveyed for measles history,related immune history and other basic information.Results The positive rate,effective protection rate and Geometric Mean Concentration（GMC） of measles antibody in local population were 92.54%,78.73% and 1774.19 mIU/ml,respectively.For migrant population,the values were 66.67%,40.95% and 269.90 mIU/ml,respectively.The positive rate,protection rate and GMC of local population were significantly higher than those of immigrants（P=0.000）.The vaccination rate among the local was 82.38%（519/630）,remarkably higher than that in the immigrants（12.86%）（27/210,χ2=333.75,P=0.000）.Conclusion The measles immunity is higher in local residents of Jinhua city than in immigrants who have a generally low vaccination rate.Thus comprehensive measures should be implemented to improve immigrants overall measles antibody levels,such as strengthening inoculation management for migrant children,carrying out emergency vaccination,and providing immunization for new students and employees from other places.