播期对大麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的影响

Effects of Sowing Date on Protein and its Components Contents in Barley Grain

为明确不同播期对大麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的影响,选取了10个不同的大麦品种在石河子地区于3个不同时期种植。方差分析及其多重比较结果表明:不同播期下品种间蛋白质含量差异达到极显著水平;播期处理、品种特性以及播期处理与品种互作效应对籽粒盐溶蛋白含量的影响均不显著;播期主处理对籽粒醇溶蛋白含量的效应均达到了显著水平,而品种副处理以及二者之间的互作对籽粒醇溶蛋白含量的效应均达到了极显著水平;播期处理对籽粒谷蛋白含量的影响达到显著水平。逐步回归分析可见:在大麦抽穗-成熟期间的诸多气象因子中,日平均最高温度、日较差、日平均相对湿度是影响蛋白质含量的关键气象因子;盐溶蛋白含量的关键气象因子为日较差和平均日照时数;日平均最低温度、日较差和日平均相对湿度成为影响醇溶蛋白含量的关键气象因子;而日较差和日平均相对湿度是谷蛋白的关键气象因子。说明外部环境条件对大麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量有一定调节作用,生产上可通过调整播期来实现大麦籽粒蛋白质性状的有效调控。

To clarify the effect of different sowing dates on protein and its components contents in barley grain,10 different barley cultivars were planted under three different times in Shihezi area.The results showed that：the differences of grain protein contents was obvious under the different sowing dates.The effects of sowing date treatment,cultivars quality and the interaction between sowing date and cultivars on grain salted protein content were all insignificant.The main treatment of sowing date had remarkable effect on grain hordein content,but the effects of different cultivars and its interaction with main treatment appeared to be more obvious;Furthermore,sowing date treatment imposed remarkable effect on barley grain glutelin content.Stepwise regression analyses showed that：during the period of barley earring stage to mature stage,among many meteorological factors,mean maximum temperature per day,comparative difference of temperature each day,average relative humility each day were key meteorological factors to barley grain protein content.In terms of salted protein content,the key meteorological factors were comparative difference of temperature each day and mean sunshine time each day.But as for barley grain hordein content,the factors of mean minimum temperature each day,comparative difference of temperature each day and mean relative humility each day were the key factors.When it comes to barley grain glutelin content,the key factors belonged to comparative difference of temperature each day and mean relative humility each day.The results mentioned above indicated that external environment conditions might regulate barley grain protein and its components contents to a certain extent,so via selecting sowing date in practical production could controlling and regulating barley grain protein traits effectively.