盘吸式穴盘播种机抛振系统运动分析与优化

Motion analysis and optimization on ejection mechanism of air-suction tray seeder

为改善盘吸式穴盘播种机种盘振动时种子悬浮高度的均匀性,从而减少播种的空穴率,设计了一种由弹簧-电衔铁-种盘所构成的种盘抛振系统,通过对该系统内种子运动过程的理论分析与动力学仿真,得出了种盘内种子的运动规律,并对种盘结构进行了优化设计,完成新样机试制与性能试验。试验结果表明:优化后的抛振系统种子抛起高度均匀一致,有效克服种子群移动、扎堆等问题,单粒率大于96%,吸附率大于98%,空穴率低于2%,各性能指标达到精量播种的农艺要求。为穴盘育苗精量播种机振动系统的结构设计提供了一种新的思路。

A new ejection mechanism system was designed to improve the uniformity of seed suspension height in seed plate vibrating for air-suction tray seeder.This new ejection mechanism system consists of four springs,one electromagnet and one seed plate.The seed movement rules were recognized through theoretical analysis and dynamic simulation with respect to seed movement.An advanced seed plate was designed,and the second-generation prototype was completed and tested.The test results indicated the hopping heights of the seeds are uniform,which solved the problem of seed movement and grouping,single seed rate greater than 96%,effectively reduced cavity rate under 2%,and increased adsorption rate above 98%.All performance indices meet the agricultural requirements of precision seeding.This study provides a new idea for the structure design of the vibration system.