动物源性和人源性甲型流感病毒（H1N1）血凝素（HA）的特征分析

The study on influenza A （ H1N1 ） virus hemagglutinin character from human and animal

目的 研究动物源性和人源性甲型H1N1流感病毒（influenza A virus）血凝素（hemagglutinin,HA）的特征,以探讨动物源性和人源性甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素之间的关系.方法 从美国生物信息中心（NCBI）下载禽（鸟）源、猪源、人源的甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列,使用Clustal W2.0生物学软件比较上述血凝素氨基酸序列,并建立甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列的进化树.结果 2009年分离的人源性甲型流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列同源性非常高,达到了99%～100%,而2009年分离的人源性甲型流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列和禽（鸟）源,猪源的甲型流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列之间的同源性非常低,只有77%～90%（只有猪源ABW36355和2009年分离的人源甲型流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列同源性为90%,余同源性为77%～83%）;蛋白生物进化树表明禽源（鸟）、猪源、人源的甲型流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列明显分为3个大的分支.2009年分离的人源性甲型流感病毒血凝素氨基酸序列（ADA71154除外）与疫情前分离得到的人源的血凝素氨基酸序列同源性很低（79%～80%）,并且进化树分为3个分支.结论 2009年流行的甲型H1N1流感病毒是一种新的流感病毒,病毒的血凝素氨基酸序列之间的同源性非常高,而和猪、禽（鸟）源的甲型H1N1流感病毒的血凝素氨基酸序列之间的同源性非常低,从这一层面上来讲,目前流行的甲型流感病毒的血凝素的基因并不是猪源和禽源,和疫情前人源的血凝素比对的结果也表明,2009年流行的甲型H1N1流感病毒也并不是直接源于2009年以前的人源流感H1N1病毒,而应该是另有来源.

Objective To study the character of influenza A （H1N1） virus hemagglutinin from human and animal in order to discuss relation of hemagglutinin from between human and animal. Methods Influenza A（ H1N1 ） virus hemagglutinin from human, swine and avian were downloaded from NCBI. The above hemagglutinin amino acid sequences were used to compare and establish protein evolution tree. Results Homology of influenza A（ H1N1 ） virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009 is high （99%-100%）. But the coherence between influenza A（ H1N1 ） virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009, swine and avian is low, only 77% -90% （ homology is 90% between only ABW36355 from swine and influenza A（ H1N1 ） virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009. The other is 77%-83%）. Protein evolution tree show that hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human,swine and avian is respectively on different branch on evolution tree. The homology between influenza A（H1N1） virus hemagglutinin amino acid sequences from human in 2009（exclude ADA71154） and before 2009 is low, only 79%-80%. And hemagglutinin amino acid sequences in 2009 and before 2009 are respectively on 3 different branch of evolution tree. Conclusion Prevalent influenza A （ H1N1 ） virus in 2009 is a new virus and the study show that prevalent influenza A（ H1N1 ） virus in 2009 do not directly come from swine and avian, and don＇t directly come from human influenza A（H1N1） virus before 2009.