苏南经济快速发展区土壤Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn形态及其有效性定量分析——以昆山市为例

CHEMICAL FORMS OF SOIL Cu,Ni,Pb AND Zn AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEIR AVAILABILITIES IN REGIONS RAPID IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH JIANGSU: A CASE STUDY OF KUNSHAN CITY

研究了江苏省昆山市农田土壤有效态Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn各形态含量及其有效性。结果表明,土壤重金属Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn各形态含量以残渣态>有机质结合态>铁锰氧化物结合态>碳酸盐结合态、可交换态,残渣态含量明显高于其他形态。Cu和Pb有机质结合态所占比例相对也较高,分别达36.09%和28.30%。土壤可交换态含量、碳酸盐结合态含量、Fe-Mn氧化物结合态含量及残渣态含量均以Zn最高;土壤有机质结合态含量以Cu最高;土壤可交换态含量变异系数、土壤碳酸盐结合态含量变异系数及土壤Fe-Mn氧化物结合态含量变异系数以Ni为最大;土壤有机质结合态含量变异系数以Zn最大;土壤残渣态含量变异系数以Pb最大。土壤铁锰氧化物结合态铜和可交换态铜对土壤有效态铜含量影响最大;土壤可交换态镍含量对土壤有效态镍含量最大;土壤铁锰氧化物结合态铅和有机质结合态铅对土壤有效态铅含量影响最大;土壤可交换态锌和碳酸盐结合态锌对土壤有效态锌含量影响最大。

Chemical forms and availabilities of soil Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in Kunshan City of Jiangsu Province were studied. In terms of content soil Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn of various forms followed the order of residue form 〉 organic-matter-bound form 〉 Fe-Mn-oxide-bound forms 〉 carbonatebound form and exchangeable form. Residue form was obviously higher than the others in content. Of Cu and Pb, the organic-matter-bound form accounted for a quite high proportion, being 36.09% and 28.30% respectively. Among the heavy metals, Zn was the highest in exchangeable, carbonate-bound, Fe- Mn-oxide-bound and residue forms,and Cu was in organic-matter-bound form. Ni was the highest in variation coefficient of exchangeable, carbonate-bound and Fe-Mn-oxide-bound forms,Zn was of organic-matter-bound form, and Pb was of residue form. Among the various forms,Fe-Mn-oxide-bound Cu and soil exchangeable Cu showed the biggest impact on availability of soil Cu;exchangeable Ni did on availability of soil Ni;Fe-Mn-oxide-bound Pb and organic-matter-bound Pb did on avail- ability of soil Pb;and exchangeable Zn and carbonate-bound Zn did on availability of soil Zn.