我国城乡二元幼儿教育财政体制的形成与变革

The Formation and Reform of Urban-Rural Dual Preschool Education Financial System in

由于很长一段时间解放妇女劳动力被认定为幼儿教育的主要社会职能,以及幼儿教育机构的单位福利特性,新中国成立以来的幼儿教育形成了明显的二元财政投入体制。这种体制导致我国相沿成习的倾斜性的幼儿教育财政投入形态:一方面,政府办、事业单位办及国有大中型企业办幼儿园得到长期稳定的财政投入,发展较好;另一方面,由于缺乏最基本的财政支持,城市街道办幼儿园发展迟缓,农村幼儿教育发展长期停滞。改革二元幼儿教育财政投入体制必须科学定位幼儿教育的功能,改变现有的条块分割的幼儿教育管理体制,增加幼儿教育经费的投入总量。

The main social function of preschool education has been the liberation of women laborers for a long time,and preschool education institutions have the characteristic of unit welfare,thus,it has formed the obvious dual financial-support system since the establishment of the new China.It leads to the conventional inclined preschool education financial investment practice in our country.On one hand,kindergartens run by governmental organizations as well as the state-owned large and medium enterprises have been maintaining the stable financial investment for a long time,those kindergartens develop fairly well;On the other hand,due to lacking the most fundamental financial support,it causes slow development of kindergartens run by urban street administrations,and the long-term stagnation of rural preschool education development.It is necessary to scientifically confirm the function of preschool education,change the present sccattered administrative system and increase the total input of preschool education expenditure for the reformation of the dual preschool education financial investment system.