马克思与蒲鲁东关系之历史演变

The Historical Evolution of the Relations between Marx and Proudhon

马克思和蒲鲁东最初是作为具有代表性的两位社会主义者发生联系的。蒲鲁东的《什么是所有权》在圣西门、傅立叶之后起了某种划时代的作用。马克思在其著作中,一方面吸取和保护蒲鲁东思想中的积极因素,另一方面又经常指出他的缺陷,希望他能摆脱小资产阶级社会主义的立场。当马克思大踏步前进的时候,蒲鲁东却不进则退,两人之间的分歧便日益彰显,最终导致公开决裂。剖析马克思与蒲鲁东关系之历史演变,是深入研究马克思新世界观从创立到公开问世的一个不可或缺的视阈。

Marx and Proudhon were first related to each other as themost typical socialists. What Is Ownership by Proudhon had an epoch-breaking role after St. Simen and Fourier. Marx often absorbed and protected the positive elements on the one hand, and pointed out his shortcomings and hoped that he could shake off his socialist position of a petty capitalist. While Marxist advanced in big steps, Proudhon was retreating, which led to an obvious difference and ultimately a rupture was inevitable. To analyze the historical change of the relations between them is an indispensable perspective to study the new world view of Marx from its beginning to publication.